* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: -apple-system, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
    background-color: #f9fafb;
    color: #111827;
    line-height: 1.5;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

ul,
ol {
    list-style: none;
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.container {
    max-width: 1280px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 24px;
}

/* ========== NAVBAR (with scroll effect) ========== */
.navbar {
    background: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 100;
    transition: background 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.navbar.scrolled {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.96);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.nav-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.logo a {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e3c72, #2b4c8a);
    background-clip: text;
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    color: transparent;
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2rem;
    list-style: none;
}

.nav-menu li a {
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #1f2937;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.nav-menu li a:hover,
.nav-menu li a.active {
    color: #2b6e9e;
}

.hamburger {
    display: none;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    color: #1f2937;
}

/* ========== FOOTER (4 columns) ========== */
.footer {
    background: #111827;
    color: #e5e7eb;
    margin-top: 4rem;
    padding: 3rem 0 2rem;
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
}

.footer-col h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    color: white;
}

.footer-col p,
.footer-col ul {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.footer-col ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-col ul li {
    margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}

.footer-col ul li a {
    color: #e5e7eb;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: opacity 0.2s;
}

.footer-col ul li a:hover {
    opacity: 1;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.footer-bottom {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    opacity: 0.7;
}

.footer-bottom p {
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-bottom a {
    color: #e5e7eb;
}

.grid-2cols {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
}

.grid-3cols {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
}

.card-horizontal {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    background: white;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.card-horizontal .card-img {
    width: 40%;
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
}

.card-horizontal .card-content {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 1rem 1rem 1rem 0;
}

/* ========== BREADCRUMB (shared) ========== */
.breadcrumb-area {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    border: 1px solid #eef2ff;
}

.breadcrumb {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.breadcrumb li {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.breadcrumb li:not(:last-child)::after {
    content: "/";
    margin-left: 0.5rem;
    color: #9ca3af;
}

.breadcrumb a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #2b6e9e;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.breadcrumb a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.breadcrumb .current {
    color: #4b5563;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* ========== CARD STYLES (used across pages) ========== */
.card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05), 0 1px 2px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
}

.card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 25px -12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.card-img {
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
    width: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
}

.card-content {
    padding: 1.25rem;
}

.card-category {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2b6e9e;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.card-title {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.card-excerpt {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #4b5563;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.card-meta {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.btn-read {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #2b6e9e;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.btn-read:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* ========== LAYOUT: two columns (list & detail) ========== */
.two-columns {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    margin: 2rem 0 3rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.main-content {
    flex: 0 0 70%;
    max-width: 70%;
}

.sidebar {
    flex: 0 0 30%;
    max-width: 30%;
}

.cards-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 1.8rem;
}

/* ========== ARTICLE DETAIL STYLES ========== */
.article-header {
    margin-bottom: 1.8rem;
}

.article-category {
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2b6e9e;
    background: #eef2ff;
    padding: 0.2rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.article-title {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.article-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: #4b5563;
    font-weight: 400;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    border-left: 3px solid #2b6e9e;
    padding-left: 1rem;
}

.article-meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.8rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.author-mini {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.6rem;
}

.author-avatar-sm {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.author-name-sm {
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.meta-date,
.meta-views {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #6b7280;
}

.article-content {
    font-size: 0.985rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #171717;
    letter-spacing: 0.2px;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.article-content img {
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.article-content p {
    margin-bottom: 1.4rem;
}

.article-content h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin: 1.8rem 0 1rem;
}

.article-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0.8rem;
}

.article-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.tag {
    background: #f3f4f6;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 30px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #1f2937;
}

.tag:hover {
    background: #e5e7eb;
}

.author-box {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.2rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin: 2rem 0;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.author-box-avatar {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.author-box-info h4 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.author-bio {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #4b5563;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.share-section {
    margin: 1.8rem 0;
}

.share-title {
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.share-buttons {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.8rem;
}

.share-btn {
    background: #eef2ff;
    padding: 0.4rem 1.2rem;
    border-radius: 2rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    border: none;
    transition: background 0.2s;
}

.share-btn:hover {
    background: #d9e2ef;
}

.comments-section {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    margin: 2rem 0;
}

.comment-list {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.comment-item {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #edf2f7;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.comment-avatar {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #e2e8f0;
}

.comment-content {
    flex: 1;
}

.comment-author {
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

.comment-date {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    color: #6b7280;
}

.comment-text {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
}

.comment-form input,
.comment-form textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
    border-radius: 0.5rem;
    font-family: inherit;
}

.btn-submit {
    background: #2b6e9e;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 2rem;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.related-title {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 2rem 0 1rem;
}

.related-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.related-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.related-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.related-card img {
    aspect-ratio: 4/3;
    width: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.related-card-content {
    padding: 1rem;
}

.related-card-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* ========== SIDEBAR WIDGETS ========== */
.sidebar-widget {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}

.widget-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.author-card {
    text-align: center;
}

.author-avatar {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    margin:0 auto 1rem;
}

.sidebar-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.sidebar-list li {
    margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9;
    padding-bottom: 0.7rem;
}

.sidebar-list li a {
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #1f2937;
    transition: color 0.2s;
    display: block;
}

.sidebar-list li a:hover {
    color: #2b6e9e;
}

.sidebar-list .post-meta {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.cat-list li {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

/* ========== AUTHOR PAGE STYLES ========== */
.author-profile {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 1.5rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.author-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #eef2ff 0%, #ffffff 100%);
    padding: 2.5rem 2rem;
    text-align: center;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.author-avatar-large {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 4px solid white;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin:0 auto 1.2rem;
}

.author-name {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.author-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #2b6e9e;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.author-bio-short {
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #4b5563;
}

.author-details {
    padding: 2rem;
}

.author-details h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    border-left: 4px solid #2b6e9e;
    padding-left: 1rem;
}

.author-details p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #1f2937;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}

.author-details h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0.8rem;
    color: #111827;
}

.author-stats {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2rem;
    background: #f9fafb;
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.stat-item {
    text-align: center;
}

.stat-number {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #2b6e9e;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: #6b7280;
}

.recent-articles {
    margin: 3rem 0 1rem;
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border-left: 5px solid #2b6e9e;
    padding-left: 1rem;
}

.articles-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
}

/* ========== BACK TO TOP BUTTON ========== */
.back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 2rem;
    right: 2rem;
    background: #2b6e9e;
    color: white;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: 0.2s;
    z-index: 99;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.back-to-top.show {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.pagination {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.page-item {
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 0.5rem;
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    color: #1f2937;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.2s;
}

.page-item:hover {
    background: #f1f5f9;
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.page-item.active {
    background: #2b6e9e;
    color: white;
    border-color: #2b6e9e;
}

.page-item.disabled {
    opacity: 0.5;
    pointer-events: none;
}

/* ========== RESPONSIVE ========== */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .two-columns {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .main-content,
    .sidebar {
        flex: 0 0 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    .articles-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .related-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {

    .article-meta {
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    .meta-date,
    .meta-views,
    .author-name-sm,
    .meta-updated {
        font-size: 0.75rem;
    }

    .grid-2cols,
    .grid-3cols {
        grid-template-columns: 100%;
    }

    .card-horizontal {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .card-horizontal .card-img {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .navbar {
        position: relative;
    }

    .nav-menu {
        display: none;
        width: 100%;
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
        padding: 1rem 0;
    }

    .nav-menu.active {
        display: flex;
    }

    .hamburger {
        display: block;
    }

    .cards-grid,
    .articles-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.8rem;
    }

    .container {
        padding: 0 20px;
    }

    .article-title {
        font-size: 1.4rem;
    }

    .author-box {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .comment-item {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .author-name {
        font-size: 1.6rem;
    }

    .author-avatar-large {
        width: 120px;
        height: 120px;
    }

    .author-header {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
}